Oil burner



April 12 1927.

P. H. RYDER ET AL OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 2,1923

INVENTOR PARHLY M RYDER CHARLES: m MOORE Patented Apr. 12,1927.

- UNITED STATES,

PATENT oF-Fics.

IPARMLY H. RYDER Am: CHARLES W. MOORE, or' BUGYRUS, OHIO, ASSIGNORS '1O SMOKELESS OIL BURNER COMPANY, A CORPORATION or OHIO.

OIL BURNER;-

1 Application filedianuaryz,1923. Seria1 No.G10,087.-

The present invention relates to oil burn .burner which will operate to effect a com-T .plete atomization of discharged fuel with v out smoking or without the prec1p1tat1on of unburned fuel.

1 Another, object] is to vprovide :a burner havinglthe casing thereof designed to co-op-- trate with an oil dispensing nozzle mounted therein and so disposed as to permit the utilization of the full supplied to the burner. p Another object of the invention is to pro: vide an airvalve stem' with an oil passage pressure of the air 15 Y so arranged that oil discharged from a flow control valve, may expand and the. velocity thus b'e reduced prior to discharge from the stem.

orifice having the wall thereof so disposed rents of discharged air will intersect at a point ahead of the'oil'dischargeoulet to producea cone shaped spray of atomized fuel.

so associatetheburner and control valve that .a stem element of'the burner may be 'reciprocated without flexing the oil line. Y Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description.

Oil burners of the type to which our invention relates maybe employed to advantage in connection with various styles of heating systems such for instance, as hot air, steam or hot water.

The simplcity of construction and the efii-. cient operation of our burner together with the fact that comparatively little technical skill, isrequired to operate it, makes the 'burner aydesira'ble heating element for domestic use as well as for industrial purposes.

The invention -will be more fully understood by reference to the following description andthe accompanying drawings in "which,

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional viewof a burner embodying our invention;

Figure 2-is a view of the discharge end bf the burner; and, p v Figure 315a fragmentary view of the with respect to the air supply line that our- 7 outlet of the burner with a diagrammatical illustration of the spray. I I

As illustrated, an oil'burner constructed in accordance with our invention may comprise a casing 1 having an airchamb'er2' provided with a comparatively large air inlet3 which may be connected withalsu'itable air pressure line by means of an'elbow or pipe' l. 'Thecasing mayazso beprovided withan air outlet .or, orifice 5, which out,- let may be in the form of a nozzle of frustoconical shape with the walls thereofconverging toward-the exterior of the casing, thus providing an outlet of radually reduc-- ing cross sectional area. n order to 'obtainv the maximum degree of atomization and the most efficient operation of the burner, it is important to properly taper the walls of the airoutlet. We have found that a high efiiclency of atomization is attained I v m by slopingthe walls of thisoutlet at an 'A further object is to provide an outlet.

angle of 19degrees; that is, a 38 degree includ'uded angle my be used.

*By reason of our construction, currents of air passing from the orifice are compelled to cross at a point just ahead of the end of an oil; discharge nozzle the construction and operationfof which will be fully de- I A still furtherobject of the invention is to" scribedhereinafter. The intersecting currentsof air discharged from the casing pick up the discharged oil and projecti't' in .the

supply. For the purpose of providing means for varying the air outlet area, a stem 6 is provided with a tip 7 of the same'taperas the orifice. The stem 6 is provided with a threaded portion 9 disposed in a threaded 1 aperture 11 made in a boss formed integral with the casing '1 and 'in' axial alignment withthe outlet 5. The rotation of the stem 6 about" its longitudinal axis will'therefore cause a change in the relative positions of the orifice 5 ofthe casing and the tipv 7 of the stem. Alook nut 13 may be provided to secure the, adjustment of the stem from accidental variation.

The tip 7 may thus be disposed in various positions along the longitudinal axis of the casing to regulate the discharge of air or' maybe adjusted to entirely closethe outlet 1 required amount of air to escape from the discharge aperture of the casing. Furthermore, by virtue of a valve of the type herein contemplated the line pressure of the air may be maintained up to the point of discharge. This is an important feature as it wi l be evident that when a valve is disposed directly in the air line supply, the burner can only be operated at its highest efficiency when running at full capacity and under such conditions the air outlet orifice must be opened to give a maximum outlet area.

The use of-a valve inserted directly in the air supply line for. regulation purposes re sults in a loss of pressure due to expansion of the air within the air chamber of the burner. The effect of this reduced pressure is such that when the air is discharged through the orifice 5 it no longer has sulficient pressure to permit a maximum expansion externally of the casing and the efii-' ciency of the burner is greatly reduced. Our burner may, however, be operated efficiently when burning a minimum quantity of oil as well as when working at maximum capacity since its construction eliminates the insertion of a valve directly in the air line.

The tip 7 of the stem 6 may have a threaded end 14 which may be screwed into a threaded passage-way of a relatively large diameter and forming an oil passage 15 extending through the stem and disposed axially thereof. The end of the stem 6 opposite the tip 7 is provided with an enlarged bore 16 and an externally threaded portion 17. An adjustable-connecting sleeve or nipple 18 is positioned with a head or flanged end 19 thereof slidably fitted in the bore 16. The opposite end of the nipple 18 is threadedly connected to needle valve 21 which in turn is in communication with an oil supply pipe 22. The valve 21 may be of any suitable construction, the one shown being an angle valve having a stem operable by'the rotation of a hand-wheel 24: to vary the position of the end 25 of the stem 23, with respect to a seat 26. Thus the supply of oil admitted to the oil passage 15 may be regulated in the usual manner.

By the construction and arrangements of the parts just described it will be seen that the hollow stem 6 of the burner is reciprocable longitudinally thereof by virtue of its adjustable association with the nipple 1S and its threaded mounting in the casing 1.

A hand wheel 27 which may be integral with a stufiing nut 28 is provided to facilitate the movement of the stem 6 when it is desired to vary the effective area of the air outlet 5. The stutling nut 28 has interior screw threads adapted to engage the'threaded portion 17 of the stem 6, and has one of its ends terminating in an inter-iorly extending flange 29. A packing '30 may be inserted between the flange 29 and the adjacent end of the stem to seal the oil line from the atmosphere. A look nut 31 may be provided to prevent relative movement of the nut 28 during a manipulation of the stem 6. V

In operation, air may enter the chamber 2 of the casing from asupply line (not shown) connected with the elbow 1, the

hand-wheel 27 having been turned to posiion the tip 7 in the desired relation to the orifice 5 to give arequired air discharge.

This adjustment may be made without disturbing the needlevalve 21 by reason'of the slidable nipple 18. Oil may enter the passage 15 through pipe 22 connected with any suitable-oil source. It will be noted that the needle-valve 21 is disposed in a comparatively remote position with respect to the discharge apertures of the burner.

By sodisposing the needle valve and in making the oil passage 15 of ample proportion relative to the area of the Valve 21, the oil discharged from this valve is required to flow into the passage 15, which on account of its greater capacity reduces the velocity of the oil and prevents its forciblerdischarge from the tip 7, which would deleteriously affect efficient atomization. That is to say,

by providing a relatively large oil passage in the stem 6 the velocity of the oil in passing therethrough is materially reduced so that it may be permitted to merely flow from the outlet 5 instead of being forcibly ejected therefrom. This insures its being entrained by the air and its consequent atomization. The oil may therefore be admitted to the burner at high velocity and by virtue of the design of the burner it will be discharged at greatly reduced velocity. The generous proportions of the oil passage 15 also makes it unnecessary to provide a strainer or filter for the oil as clogging is practically impossible since no restricted passage for the oil is employed and sedi- .v ment, refuse, etc. that may pass through the needle valve will readily be discharged from the end of the tip 7. g

It will be appreciated that our improved burner is of a flexible character in that it 'may be used in systems where conditions to be understood that modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit'and scope of the appended claim.

hat is claimed is:

An oil burner comprising a cylindrical casing having an air inlet intermediate its ends, a tapered air outlet ,at one' end and a threaded aperture at the other-end, a stem having a tapered end complementary to said outlet and an externally threaded portion disposed in said threaded aperture, a com paratively large diameteroil. passage Within said stem, a valve associated with said stem havin the adjacent end of said stem, said partsbe- 7 ing held in engagement by a stufling nut.

In testimony hereof,' We have hereunto subscribed our names this 28th day of December 1922. i

PARMLY H; RYDER." CHAS; W. MOORE. 

